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Authentication is only the beginning: secure integrations also require authorization, validation, replay protection and observable failure handling.
Separate identity from permission
Knowing which system sent a request does not prove that it may perform every action. Use scoped credentials, least-privilege permissions and clear rotation procedures. Secrets should be stored outside the codebase and never appear in normal application logs.
Validate every boundary
Treat incoming payloads as untrusted. Validate types, formats, ranges and business rules before changing state. Apply output encoding and data minimisation when sending information to another system.
Design for retries and replay
Network failures create uncertainty. Idempotency keys, signed timestamps, deduplication and controlled retry policies prevent duplicate orders or payments while allowing temporary failures to recover safely.
Make security events observable
Record authentication failures, rejected payloads and abnormal traffic without leaking personal or secret data. Alerts should identify actionable conditions rather than turning every transient error into noise.